Dab tsi yog qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hnub ci sib txawv?
Lub hnub ci zog tau dhau los ua qhov nrov nrov ntawm lub zog tauj dua tshiab vim nws txoj kev ruaj khov thiab kev siv nyiaj txiag. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab lawv cov kev ua tau zoo thiab qib ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas lawv tuaj yeem tsim tau. Muaj ntau yam khoom siv uas tuaj yeem siv los ua cov hnub ci vaj huam sib luag, txhua qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ua tau zoo thiab tsim nyog rau kev siv sib txawv. Hauv qhov kev tshuaj xyuas no thiab kev sib piv, peb yuav sib piv cov txiaj ntsig ntawm 5 cov khoom siv hnub ci sib txawv: Mono-crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, perovskite, thiab tooj liab indium gallium selenide (CIGS).
1. Mono-Crystal Silicon
Mono-crystal silicon hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yog cov khoom siv dav tshaj plaws rau hnub ci vaj huam sib luag vim lawv cov qib siab ua haujlwm. Cov vaj huam sib luag no yog tsim los ntawm Mono nruam siv lead ua ntawm silicon, muab cov qauv zoo ib yam thiab purity. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm Mono-crystal silicon solar panels feem ntau yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 20%, uas txhais tau tias lawv tuaj yeem hloov tau li 20% ntawm lub hnub ci lawv tau txais mus rau hauv hluav taws xob siv tau. Lawv cov qib high efficiency ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau siv nyob rau hauv vaj tse thiab kev lag luam installation.
2. Polycrystalline Silicon
Polycrystalline silicon hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yog tsim los ntawm ntau cov pob zeb me me ntawm silicon thiab tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua li Mono-crystal silicon solar panels. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm polycrystalline silicon hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yog feem ntau nyob ib ncig ntawm 15%, uas txhais tau tias lawv tuaj yeem hloov tau li ntawm 15% ntawm lub hnub ci lawv tau txais mus rau hauv hluav taws xob siv tau. Txawm hais tias lawv cov qib qis dua, polycrystalline silicon hnub ci vaj huam sib luag tseem nrov ntawm cov neeg siv khoom vim tias lawv tsis tshua kim dua Mono-crystal silicon solar panels thiab tuaj yeem siv ntau yam kev siv.
3. Amorphous Silicon
Amorphous silicon hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yog tsim los ntawm ib daim ntawv uas tsis yog-crystalline ntawm silicon uas tso rau hauv lub substrate. Cov vaj huam sib luag no nyias nyias thiab hloov tau yooj yim dua li Mono-crystal thiab poly-crystalline silicon hnub ci vaj huam sib luag, ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau cov ntawv tshwj xeeb xws li lub tsev sib xyaw photovoltaics (BIPV). Txawm li cas los xij, amorphous silicon hnub ci vaj huam sib luag muaj qib qis dua li Mono-crystal thiab polycrystalline silicon hnub ci vaj huam sib luag, feem ntau nyob ib ncig ntawm 7-9%.
4. Perovskite
Perovskite hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yog ib hom tshiab ntawm lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag uas siv cov khoom hu ua perovskite los hloov lub hnub ci rau hauv hluav taws xob siv tau. Cov vaj huam sib luag no tau nce sai hauv qhov chaw vim tias lawv cov qib siab ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab cov nqi ua haujlwm tau zoo. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm perovskite hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yog tam sim no nyob ib puag ncig 25%, uas yog piv rau Mono-crystal silicon solar panels. Cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias perovskite hnub ci vaj huam sib luag muaj peev xwm ncav cuag qhov ua tau zoo dua li Mono-crystal silicon solar panels yav tom ntej.
5. Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIGS)
Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIGS) hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yog nyias zaj duab xis hnub ci vaj huam sib luag uas yog tsim los ntawm ib tug compound ntawm tooj liab, indium, gallium, thiab selenium. Cov vaj huam sib luag no tau txais kev muaj koob meej vim tias lawv cov qib kev ua haujlwm siab, muaj peev xwm tsim tau ntau yam duab thiab qhov ntau thiab tsawg, thiab yoog raws. Qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm CIGS hnub ci vaj huam sib luag tam sim no nyob ib puag ncig 21%, uas ua rau lawv yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag.
Thaum nws los txog rau hnub ci vaj huam sib luag, kev ua tau zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus nqi. Los ntawm qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam no thiab kev sib piv, peb tuaj yeem pom tias Mono-crystal silicon hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws tab sis kuj tseem kim tshaj plaws, thaum polycrystalline silicon solar panels tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig tab sis pheej yig dua. Amorphous silicon hnub ci vaj huam sib luag muaj qhov hloov tau yooj yim tab sis qis dua qib, thaum perovskite hnub ci vaj huam sib luag muaj peev xwm los ua qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yav tom ntej. CIGS hnub ci vaj huam sib luag muaj kev ua haujlwm siab thiab hloov tau yooj yim tab sis tsis yog siv dav li silicon-based solar panels. Thaum kawg, kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom siv hnub ci vaj huam sib luag nyob ntawm qhov kev npaj siv, pob nyiaj siv, thiab qib kev ua haujlwm xav tau.